Daihoko Butsukegonkyo (Avatamsaka Sutra), Volume 8

This is volume eight of the Avatamsaka Sutra (Flower Garland Sutra) in eighty volumes by Siksananda (652-710) of the Tang dynasty. This sutra was translated into Chinese between 695 to 699. The text reveals the writing system established under the rule of Empress Wu Zetian (623-704). The characters employed and the brushwork suggest that this volume was produced at the beginning of the Tang dynasty, in the eighth century, and brought to Japan soon after.

— Museum description: Kyoto National Museum (CC BY 4.0), via ColBase / Japan Search.